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= ABOUT THE TEAM =

**Charleston Middle School Core C** toc Welcome to our wiki. We are members of the 8th Grade Gold Team Core C science class at Charleston Middle School in Charleston, IL. Our school enrollment is approximately 420 students divided into four teams - two 7th grade teams and two 8th grade teams. Charleston is located about 200 miles south of Chicago in the rural heartland of Central Illinois. The community is proud of its Lincoln heritage, being the 1840's home of Thomas and Sarah Bush Lincoln, father and stepmother of our 16th president and also the location of one of the famous Lincoln - Douglas debates. Charleston is a campus community - home to Eastern Illinois University. Our teacher is Mr. Tim McCollum.

=** STEPS IN THE PROCESS OF SCIENCE **= = ﻿Step 1 - Preliminary Question =
 * Preliminary Question - How did the appearance of Mt. Merapi change after its eruption on Oct. 26, 2010?**

=** Step 2 - Initial Observations **=


 * Image ID || Latitude || Longitude || Name of Feature || Country || Date Acquired || Focal Length || Observations ||
 * [|STS028-73-55] || 45.5 || -108.5 || Yellowstone || USA || 19890811 || 250mm || Clouds, river, land, cloud shadows ||
 * [|ISS022-E-5947] || 44.5 || -110.6 || Snow, West Thumb, NW YS Lake and ice || USA || 20091203 || 400mm || Water, rocky area, snow ||
 * [|ISS016-E-5700] || -38 || -71.5 || Volcan Lonquimay, solar panel || Chilie || 20072110 || 180mm || rock creaters,snow, solar panel ||
 * [|ISS018-E-8126] || 5.7 || 125.4 || Batulaki, Tinaca Pt., coast || Philippines || 20081110 || 180mm || Sand, clouds, water ||
 * [|ISS024-E-11717] || 19.5 || -155.6 || Maunaloa, volcano coast, caldera, lava flows, forest || USA || 20100813 || 180mm || Water, clouds, a hole ||
 * [|ISS014-E-16651] || 53.5 || -166.5 || Fox Islands, fiords || USA || 20070312 || 180mm || Ice, forest ||
 * [|ISS023-E-5533] || 46.2 || -122.1 || Mount St. Helens || USA || 20100319 || 400mm || Rivers, mountains, clouds, volcanoes ||
 * [|ISS013-E-24184] || 50.7 || -168 || Volcano on the Aluetian islands || Alaska || 20060523 || 800mm || Island, Plume, Volcano, and Fog ||
 * [|ISS017-E-14996] || 44 || -111 || Yellowstone National Park || USA || 20080829 || 400mm || Shows land of Yellowstone ||
 * [|STS61A-45-98] || 54.4 || 162.9 || Mount Kronotskaya || Russia || 198511 || 250mm || Icy, white, big, and frozen ||
 * [|ISS004-E-7999] || 15 || -91.5 || Santa Maria Volcano || Guatemala || 20020217 || 400mm || Smoke, Volcano ||

=** Step 3 - Background Research **=

There are five different types of volcanoes. The five are: shield, composite, cinder, spatter, and complex. Our science class learned that there are around 1,900 volcanoes on Earth. Also, if the supervolcano under Yellowstone ever erupts again, it could wipe out half of the U.S. Most volcanoes form on fault lines. Scientists have decided that the supervolcano underneath Yellowstone National Park last erupted 650,000 years ago, and that it is 4 miles underneath Yellow Stone. Did you know that some rocks are formed after lava hardens and breaks into pieces? As much as 80% of earth was formed by volcanic eruptions and volcanoes formed by the movement of tectonic plates. By: Emily and Darylann
 * Name of Website || Internet Address || Brief Summary ||
 * Volcano World || [] || The site talks about lava domes and lots of other things about volcanoes. ||
 * Learn Its like brain candy || [] || Very interesting facts about volcanoes. ||
 * Oracle thinkquest || [] || It gives parts of a volcano, games, comics ||
 * Worsley School || [] || Talks about how volcanoes are formed from the Earth's crust ||
 * Mt. Merapi's Eruption || [] || Nov. 8, 2010 story with pictures ||
 * Mt. Merapi Satellite Images || [] || Recent images following eruption ||
 * Volcanoes **

=** Step 4 - Experiment Design **=


 * Refined question - How did the appearance of Mt. Merapi change after its eruption on Oct. 26, 2010?**
 * We will us the [|Gateway to Astronaut Photography] of Earth as the primary source of image data.
 * We will use Google to locate web sites showing surface pictures of the volcano and its recent eruptions.
 * We will focus on the region of Indonesia in which Mount Merapi is located.
 * Among the specific pieces of data we will log from each image viewed will be: image I.D., country, lat and long, date, focal length, name of feature, and general observations.
 * We will plan to observe a minimum of 30 astronaut images.

In searching for astronaut images showing Mount Merapi, we have found only a few examples. Perhaps we need to look at more astronaut photographs taken of the surrounding region that might also show Mount Merapi. Also - As of Nov. 6th, Mount Merapi is continuing to erupt, with yesterday's eruption being bigger than that of Oct. 26th.


 * Hypothesis - T****here will be no significant changes to the appearance of Mt. Merapi since its eruption on Oct. 26, 2010.**

=** Step 5 - Collect and Compile Data **=


 * Mount Merapi Volcano, Country: Indonesia, Latitude: -7.5, Longitude: 110.5**
 * Image I.D. || Date || Focal Length || Plume? || General Observations ||
 * [|ISS007-E-13327] || 20080824 || 400mm || Yes || Mount Merapi, smoke plumes, clowdy and ash plumes ||
 * [|STS066-154-146] || 19941108 || 400mm || No || Tail of spaceship with a few clouds and a small island ||
 * [|STS106-715-91] || 20000914 || 40mm || No || Hard to see any detail ||
 * [|ISS007-E-13328] || 20080824 || 400mm || Yes || Mt. Merapi, clouds, smoke,water ||
 * [|STS066-154-150] || 19941011 || 150mm || No || Dark, water, clouds/ Brown with no plume ||
 * [|STS056-96-83] || 19930416 || 250mm || Yes || Water, Clear Sky, and easy to see plume ||
 * [|STS066-85-21] || 19941108 || 250mm || Yes || Mt. Merapi, clouds, water ||
 * [|STS042-72-80] || 19920123 || 250m || Yes || Small plumes with small view of volcano water surrounding it on 3 sides ||
 * [|STS066-154-147] || 19941108 || 90mm || No || Few clouds with the ocean and land ||
 * [|STS066-154-151] || 19941108 || 90mm || No || Looks like an upside down camel ||


 * Satellite Images of Mount Merapi**
 * Internet Address || Date || Plume? || General Information ||
 * [|http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=][|46975] || 20101115 || Yes || Cloud, Plume, ash, river ||
 * [] || 20101110 || Yes || Cloudy, hard to see ||
 * [] || 20101108 || Yes || Ash plume, very thick ||
 * [] || 20101105 || Yes || Thick plume, can't see volcano ||
 * [] || 20101104 || Yes || Orange plume, almost makes a full circle ||
 * [] || 20101118 || Yes || Plume, Clear ||


 * Ground Images of Mount Merapi**
 * Internet Address || Date || Plume? || General Information ||
 * http://www.earthmountainview.com/volcanos.html || 20060606 || Yes || Lava flowing out, plume, and the volcano ||
 * [] || 20060514 || No || Erupting lava and smoke ||

=** Step 6 - Display Data **=


 * Mt. Merapi Chronological Astronaut Image Table**
 * Image I.D. || Date || General Observations || Visible Changes from Earlier Image(s) ||
 * [|STS042-72-80] || 19920123 || small plume, several Mt. peaks, and clouds || no visible changes ||
 * [|STS056-96-83] || 19930416 || can't determine the location of the volcano || can't determine the location of the volcano ||
 * [|STS066-85-21] || 19941108 || two Mt. peaks, visible plume and some clouds || plume is moving a different direction ||
 * [|STS066-154-147] || 19941108 || smaller lens,surface, multiple Mt. peaks, plume, and clouds || no visible changes ||
 * [|STS066-154-151] || 19941108 || picture taken the same day, plume, surface, clouds, and multiple peaks || no visible changes ||
 * [|STS066-154-150] || 19941011 || surface, plume looks a little bigger, multiple peaks, and clouds || to dark to see changes, no visible changes ||
 * [|STS066-154-146] || 19941108 || surface, plume looks a little bigger from the last picture, clouds, and multiple peaks || no visible changes ||
 * [|STS106-715-91] || 20000914 || plume, surface, clouds || to far away to see changes, no visible changes ||
 * [|ISS007-E-13327] || 20080824 || more detail, closer view, bigger plume, possible ash, clouds pushed back by plume || plume is going a different direction, the plume it self has grown ||
 * [|ISS007-E-13328] || 20080824 || almost identical to previous picture || almost identical to previous image ||

Image Credit - Google Earth Image Credit - NASA TERRA
 * Mt. Merapi Chronological Satellite Image Table**
 * Image URL || Date || General Observations || Visible Changes from Earlier Image ||
 * [] || 20101104 || clearly see Sulfur dioxide || no visible changes ||
 * [] || 20101105 || very large plume covering image, surface || plume has gotten bigger ||
 * [] || 20101108 || almost identical to previous image || almost identical to previous image ||
 * [] || 20101110 || ash plume, volcano deposits, Mt. Merapi, clouds, surface || shows ash plume ||
 * [][|46975] || 20101115 || ash plume, destroyed vegetation, Woro River, golf course, pyroclastic flow and/or lahar deposits, Gendol River, clouds, Mt. Merapi || more detail around the volcano, ||
 * [] || 20101118 || not able to see changes || not able to see changes ||

=** Step 7 - Analyze and Interpret Data **=

Although we have seen changes in the plume and surrounding areas around Mt. Merapi, we have not seen very much change in physical structure in Mt. Merapi such as it's size and shape since its eruption on October 26, 2010. What changes we have seen are destroyed vegetation, plumes growing bigger and changing direction, and pyroclastic flow and/or lahar deposits.

=** Step 8 - Draw Conclusions **=

In our conclusion we agree with our hypothesis "There will be no significant changes to the appearance of Mt. Merapi since its eruption on Oct. 26, 2010.**"** At least from what we studied, we have seen very little change in Mt. Merapi's features from the images and other information we examined. =** Step 9 - Share Research **=

[|Core C EEAB Presentation.pptx]

** GLOSSARY **
volcano- An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava, ash, and gases are ejected.

shield volcano - A type of volcano built almost entirerly of lava flows.

Pyroclastic flow - is a fast-moving current of extremely hot gas, (which can reach temperature of 1,000 degrees Celsius (1,830 degrees Fahrenheiht)) and rock, which travel away from a volcano at speeds generally as great as 700 km/h (450 mph).

Lahar Deposits - is an Indonesian word that desposites volcanic mudflows or debris flows.

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